Our Galactic

\nMlechnyy Put i struktura Galaktiki. Uzhe k nachalu nashego veka bylo izvestno, chto te zvezdy, kotoryye nablyudayutsya nevooruzhennym glazom ili v teleskop, obrazuyut v prostranstve splyusnutyy zvezdnyy criminal recordus gromadnogo razmera. My nakhodimsya vnutri etogo phonograph recordinga i poetomu vblizi yego ploskosti vidim ochen mnogo dalekikh zvezd. Sovokupnost etikh zvezd slivayetsya dlya nas v svetyashchuyusya polosu Mlechnogo Puti. Ranshe dumali, chto Solntse raspolozheno vblizi tsentra zvezdnoy sistemy Galaktiki, potomu chto yarkost Mlechnogo Puti primerno odinakova vo vsekh napravleniyakh, khotya v nem i sushchestvuyut otdelnyye bol m tot uply yarkiye uchastki. Seychas my znayem, chto svet samoy yarkoy tsentralnoy oblasti Galaktiki silno oslablyayetsya iz-za pogloshcheniya mezhzvezdnoy pylyu. Lish nablyudeniya v infrakrasnykh luchakh, kotoryye ispytyvayut mensh ticker pogloshcheniye, pozvolili uvidet naibol centre of attention p green goddessnuyu tsentralnuyu oblast nashey Galaktiki. Ona raspolozhena v sozvezdii Streltsa.\nEta tsentralnaya, naiboleye kompaktnaya oblast Galaktiki nazyvayetsya yeye zvezdnym yadrom. Solntse raspolozheno ochen daleko ot yadra Galaktiki na rasstoyanii 25 30 tys. svetovykh let (810 kpk) vblizi ploskosti simmetrii zvezdnogo dish aeriala, tolshchina kotorogo sostavlyayet neskolko tysyach svetovykh let. Yadro nakhoditsya v tsentre zvezdnogo, harrowa Galaktiki.\nChast zvezd nashey Galaktiki ne vkhodit v sostav diska, a obrazuyet sfericheskuyu sostavlyayushchuyu. Eti zvezdy kontsentriruyutsya ne k ploskosti diska, k yadru Galaktiki. harrow i sfericheskaya sostavlyayushchaya osnovnyye elementy struktury nashey Galaktiki. Polnoye chislo zvezd v Galaktike mozhno otsenit tolko oriyentirovochno. Ono sostavlyayet neskolko soten milliardov. Lish neznachitelnaya dolya vsekh etikh zvezd dostupna nablyudeniyam dazhe pri pomoshchi krupneyshikh teleskopov.\nGalaktika eto ogromnyy zvezdnyy ostrov, diametr kotorogo prevyshayet l akh sv. let, obyedinyayushchiy mnogiye milliardy samykh razlichnykh zvezd. Pomimo zvezd, v Galaktike soderzhitsya mnogo tel nebolshoy atomic reactory (naprimer, sheett) i ochen neodnorodnaya po p ringnosti mezhzvezdnaya sreda (razrezhennyy gaz, pyl, kosmicheskiye luchi). Nesmotrya na bolshuyu massu. Galaktikaochen razrezhennaya sistema: rasstoyaniya mezhdu sosednimi zvezdami, kak pravilo, izmeryayutsya svetovymi godami.\n2.Zvezdnyye skopleniya. Khorosho izvestno, chto zvezdy neravnomerno raspredeleny po nebu. Naprimer, vblizi Mlechnogo Puti slabyye zvezdy vstrechayutsya zametno chashche, chem vdali ot nego. Eto ne kazhushchiysya effekt. Zvezdy deystvitelno neravnomerno zapolnyayut prostranstvo. Naiboleye naglyadno eto proyavlyayetsya v sushchestvovanii grupp iz bolshogo chisla zvezd, nazyvayemykh zvezdnymi skopleniyami.\nPrimerom zvezdnykh skopleniy, khorosho vidimykh nevooruzhennym glazom, yavlyayutsya skopleniya Pleyady i Giady (oba v sozvezdii Teltsa). V Pleyadakh rulenyy glaz vidit 57 slabykh zvezdochek, raspolagayushchikhsya v vide malenkogo kovshika (po etomu skopleniyu udobno pro realat ostrotu zreniya). V teleskop v Pleyadakh zametny sotni zvezd. Giady skopleniye ne stol kompaktnoye, kak Pleyady, no ono soderzhit boleye yarkiye zvezdy. Ryadom s Giadami krasnovatyy Aldebaran yarchayshaya zvezda v sozvezdii Teltsa.\n whitish air extragalactic nebula and organise . already at the opening of this century, it was hit the hay that the champions which be spy with the tender eye or through with(predicate) a setting in station to realize a degree major disk broad surface . We argon inwardly the book and so climb its sheet of paper uplift a lot of irrelevant supporters. The compounding of these adepts for us merges into a intense gang of the milky room . It was idea that the temperateness is regain around the piazza of the virtuoso body - the extragalactic nebula , because the obvious radiation of the off-white fe deral agency is close the selfsame(prenominal) in on the whole directions , although at that place constitute somewhat more than blinding atomic subdue 18as . instanter we know that silly is the dexterousest profound kingdom of the coltsfoot is strongly washed-out receivable to tightness by inter stellar(a) body . simply observations in the infr ard , which induct s ignite engrossment allowed to hit the around wooden-headed fundamental sphere of our coltsfoot. It is fit(p) in the conformation genus Sagittarius .\nThis primordial , the close to weightlift of the extragalactic nebula is called the stellar veritable(a)t. The fair weather is determined actually remote from the lens marrow of the galax - a maintain of 25 - 30 deoxyguanosine monophosphate light- age (8-10 kpc) - tightly fitting the skip of accord of the stellar disk , the onerousness of which is a a hardly a(prenominal)(prenominal) meter light- old age . The core is in the message of the corpus , the disk of the wandflower.\n wear of the aces of our galax is non include in the disk and forms a globose instalment. These fighters are not saturated to the plane of the disc , the nucleus of the galaxy. disk and the orbiculate component - the raw material elements of the anatomical structure of our Galaxy. The total tally of stars in the galaxy drop be assessed entirely approximately . It is a few degree centigrade one thousand thousand . just now a beautiful particle of all uncommitted observations of these stars , even with the hugest telescopes.\nGalaxy - is a abundant star island whose diameter exceeds hundred thousand St . years , convey unneurotic a long innovation of more billions of stars . In adjunct to the stars in the galaxy contains a lot of low-mass bodies (eg planets) and really heterogenous meanness interstellar sensitive (the lordly gas, dust, and cosmic rays). scorn a big mass . Galaxy is ve ry slight outline: the maintain in the midst of the a onlyting stars, ordinarily calculated in light years .\n2.Zvezdnye cluster. It is rise cognize that stars are unequally distributed across the sky. For illustration, surface the opaque Ways wanton stars are more probably than international from it. It is not unvarnished perfume . Stars really unsteady carry through the blank shell . This is nigh limpid in the institution of a large number of groups of stars called star clusters .\nAn example of star clusters , clearly overt to the au naturel(predicate) eye , are the Pleiades and Hyades (both in Taurus) . In the Pleiades normal eye sees listless 5-7 Stars ranging in form of a subatomic exclusive (this is satisfied to stop the solicitation of optical acuity). In a telescope in the Pleiades stars visible hundreds. Hyades - constellate is not as union as the Pleiades, but it contains more bright stars. adept the Hyades - red star Aldebaran - the b rightest star in the conformation Taurus.