Gender Discrimination A Woman s Opinion And Voice

In a male dominated society, it is challenging for a woman’s opinion and voice to be heard, and easy for gender inequality to thrive. Women have succeeded a great amount when it comes to comparison of how they were treated in the past, both in society and under the law, but the discrimination is still significant globally, even in areas such as Canada. Under the law, all individuals are the equivalent, regardless of one’s gender, race, or background, but in society women are still not treated with the same respect as males. Regardless, of what the law or the Supreme Court of Canada states, women are still accustomed to gender discrimination in the places they work and must deal with it against their coworkers. Unfortunately, it doesn’t†¦show more content†¦In 2012, an employee experienced extreme discrimination due to her gender while working under International Clothiers. Ms. Kohli had been working for International Clothiers and had â€Å"twice been passed over for promotion to Assistant Manager position because she was a woman† (Laird, HRLSC Cases). Ms. Kohli questioned her manager as to why men are considered as more fit for the job rather than women, but this only resulted in Mr.Bajwa reducing her work hours drastically and treating her unfairly. The victim chose to take further action and report it to the district manager in hopes of seeking help, but was left disappointed when he did not look into this matter further, but rather dismissed it. The fact that the managers at this store did not give Ms. Kohli the opportunity to become a manager simply based on her gender, is not only discriminating to her as a woman, but also devaluing her capability and worth. Stating that a woman is not fit for a job of a higher ranking, compared to men before even giving her the opportunity -simply because of her gender- is a clear violation of the law. Another way that women face discrimination in Canada is the significant wage gap b etween men and women. A 2-year long study that was conducted by the students of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario proved that â€Å"the average annual salary difference is

Essay on Random Drug Testing is a Waste of Time - 1623 Words

Her grades fell. She was always tired. She never seemed to be able to focus at school. Classes she used to be interested in became utterly mundane. Friends she used to care about became replaceable. She stopped spending time with her family. She sat on the bench at every soccer game instead of becoming the star player her coaches thought she could. This is what addiction to drugs can do to a young person’s life. Addiction can take away everything that once made that young person happy. The only thing that matters anymore is the drug, getting high, and getting higher. It is a horrible and tragic thing that destroys so many young lives. Some people think that in order to prevent these situations, the best solution is random drug testing.†¦show more content†¦These kids need to hear firsthand, from recovering addicts, the details of their struggles. They need to hear what it is like to be on the very brink of death, and how it feels to give up everything; house, car, fam ily, and friends, just to get high. They need to hear what a lonely place it is to be an addict. They need to know about the risks of trying a drug, even once, and how addiction can come from the first injection of heroin, a coma can be induced from the first dose of Ecstasy (Urban75 Drug Info). This is a much more powerful tool than making a half-hearted attempt at saving those who have already succumb to the pressures of adolescence, those already addicted, those who could have been saved years before if they had only received a good education on the matter. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;People who are pro urinalysis also believe that with the threat of random drug testing, the population of students who decide to use drugs will be much smaller, because they Dwiggins 3 fear the consequences (Drug Testing in School Activities 2). The risk of being discovered might be enough to deter some young people from experimenting with drugs, but this small danger will not be enough to scare off a true addict. Those who are truly addicted are supposed to be the target for the most serious help. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;IfShow MoreRelatedWelfare Drug Testing Essay1383 Words   |  6 PagesWelfare Drug Testing Trevor Brooks, SOC 110 11/09/2011 In today’s America, government aid is highly depended on. The US government has spent $498 billion dollars this year on welfare alone. The state of Tennessee has an average of 250,000 residents on welfare and has $3 billion dollars this year alone. To help cut costs and help tax payers, 36 states, including Tennessee, have proposed a bill to drug test all welfare recipients. 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Output of Channel Is Disposed To Errorâ€Free Samples for Students

Question: How to the Output of Channel Is Disposed To Error? Answer: Introduction Error Control Coding is required in case if we have noisy Channel, output of channel is disposed to error. For this we are essential to extent to guarantee bit stream correctness for transmitted Error control. The aim of coding at emerging coding methods to form the precision of the transmitted bit stream. Exemplification bit stream formed for this symbol is known as symbols codeword. The aim of Error control coding is to produce coding methods in order to check for the transmitted bit stream correctness. The symbol representation of bit stream is known as the symbols codeword The codes can be categorized in two parts mainly error Management codes and error detection codes. Error detection codes need to have transmit larger number of data bits as compared to the original data bits. We can discuss some category of these codes: Repetition codes This simplified and obvious solution to receive correct solution is to make repetition of the codes several times and combine them to get real message. This code with simplicity finds application in non AWAG and fading channels. Parity check codes This error detection technique has concept of using XOR of bits to set up a bit which indicates if we have even or odd number of 1s. the XOR sum have value 1 for odd parity and 0 for even parity. In case if there will be incorrect transmission of the bits then we will receive incorrect parity bits. CRC Cyclic redundancy check is for detection of the burst errors. Storage devices and digital networks finds application of this CRC. Error Correction techniques are divided in 2 parts: Forward Error Correction In this case if we have detected any error in transmission then receiver can correct the errors by its own and no need to ask for copy of data. Popular example of this is telephone applications Backward Error Correction In this case if we have detected any error in transmission then receiver can ask for another copy of data through back channel. Popular example of this is ARQ. In this we cannot request to repeat the data from back channel so this comes under forward error correction. In this case while ARQ discovers the error in transmission The Various mechanisms for error control are: Convolution Codes Repetition Codes Linear Block Codes In case of the block code entire set of code words possess similar length, and we can statically define the encoding for all likely data message. In case of convolution code the set of code word created be contingent on together the provided data message themself and a agreed count of formerly messages which are encoded: the state of encoder is variable and dependent on the processing of each message treated. The code words length is typically remains constant. We could additional differentiate amid [1] Linear codes Cyclic codes Systematic codes Description Cyclic and Linear block codes are the greatest usually utilized codes in protocols of data communication. In case of the linear code each combination of linear effective code words (for instance a given MOD 2 sum) creates additional effective code word. A given cyclic code defines as in that each effective code word cyclic shift also creates a effective code word which can be independently used in message encoding [2]. A given systematic code, lastly defined as the encoding in which all code word comprises the original signal data bits in unchanged form, whichever headed or followed through a distinct check bits group. In altogether scenarios the length of code words is more as compared to the data words. In case the original bits number can be given by d and the additional bits number is e, then the ratio of d /(d + e) can be classified as the code rate [3]. Syndrome Decoding Let original codeword be defined as c transmitted and received codeword be defined r = c + e, In which e defines the value designated for the error vector. The R (receiver symbol) Decoding (n k) A 1 matrix known as the matrix for error syndrome. It is calculated as follows Application Many application of coding theory was absorbed given efficiency less spectral, or limited in power, share capacity curve of the Shannons limit. This was mainly because of two issues. Sure of the purposes behind the expanding uses of coding are outer : the expected fast development in satellite interchanges; the insurgency in digital IC's; the expanding accentuation on the solid transmission of computerized information and of carefully coded analog signals; the accessibility of modest PCs for framework, simulation for hardwares, what's more Algorithms; the expanding modems digitalization, interconnections and switches, allowing prepared interfacing and regular viability; and the expanding modernity of the client group [6]. First numerous initial requests of coding were advanced for the NASA and the ESA satellite communication and deep-space systems, anywhere power was actual more and higher bandwidth. 1) The channel of deep-space is nearly precisely modeled like the AWGN memoryless channel that shaped the foundation for noisy channel over Shannons theorem. Therefore altogether the theoretic and simulation educations lead for this channel approved over nearly precisely into practice. 2) Edge decoders are directly finding broad application for the insurance of satellite connections in the Spade framework the constrained accessibility of the valuable radio range and a comparable spatial restriction on the quantity of satellites that could be set in stationary circle without shared obstruction requires examination from numerous headings [7]-[8]. 3) The utilization of decoding mainly Viterbi to decrease intersymbol impedance, in spite of the fact that effectively beneficial, may provide more here and additionally on phone channels, especially if mix with error correction could be accomplished. Comprehension of the different access of a restricted volume with space, recurrence, what's more, time measurements is as yet inadequate, especially when different commonsense constraints and the requirement for system control, exchanging, and request get to are incorporated. Promote comprehension and elaboration of such channel models as the communicate channel and the different access channel are required. The potential for huge changes in communication in view of source coding are most likely more noteworthy than for whatever other range, yet once more, the correct mix of workmanship, designing, what's more, hypothesis by and by getaways us. At long last, considering the present worry with protection and security, and the view that such issues will increment fundamentally as correspondence administrations and information storehouses develop, data scholars ought to consider an arrival full hover to issues that initially involved Shannon. The making and figuring out of codes secure against changed levels of endeavors could interest and involve us inconclusively. Deep Space Application One of the application of thee error control coding comes in deep space communication. Here we have communication channels with low power, here we have application for convolution codes with the Viterbi decoding. The utilization of the concatenation of convolution code and Reed-Solomon code was done to send volume of data in space. Storage media ECCs is widely utilized as a part of storage. Reed-Solomon and BCH codes are utilized as a part of utilizations like smaller disc players, circle drives, DVDs, 2D scanner tags and NAND streak drives. LDPC codes are supposed as the decision of ECC for SSDs and wellspring codes are deletion codes utilized as a part of datastorage utilization. A commonplace sound CD can have storage up to music of 69 minutes. Indeed, it takes around bits of 1.5 million to speak to only one moment of music. These bits are spoken to through pits on the one side of the circle. The average length of pits is around one micron, and are spiral track reordering happens, that is around width of 0.5 microns. In this case, scratches, clean and fingerprints gives mistakes that are wiped out by utilizing ECC. Conclusion For this we are essential to extent to guarantee bit stream correctness for transmitted Error control The aim of coding at emerging coding methods to form the precision of the transmitted bit stream. The exemplification bit stream of a given symbol is known as the symbols codeword. Error Control Coding is required in case if we have noisy Channel, output of channel is disposed to error. The aim of Error control coding is to produce coding methods in order to check for the transmitted bit stream correctness. The symbol representation of bit stream is known as the symbols code word In case of the block code entire set of code words possess similar length, and we can statically define the encoding for all likely data message. In case of convolution code the set of code word created be contingent on together the provided data message themself and a agreed count of formerly messages which are encoded: the state of encoder is variable and dependent on the processing of each message treated. The code words length is typically remains constant. Cyclic and Linear block codes are the greatest usually utilized codes in protocols of data communication. In case of the linear code each combination of linear effective code words (for instance a given MOD 2 sum) creates additional effective code word. References [1] C. E. Shannon, A mathematical theory of communication, Bell Syst. Tech. J., vol. 27, pp. 379423, 1948. [2] J. M. Wozencraft and I. M. Jacobs, Principles of Communication Engineering. New York: Wiley, 1965. [3] R. W. Hamming, Error detecting and error correcting codes, Bell Syst. Tech. J., vol. 29, pp. 147150, 1950. [4] I. M. Jacobs, Practical applications of coding, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol. IT-20, pp. 305310, May 1974. [5] G. D. Forney, Jr., and L. F. Wei, Multidimensional constellationsPart I: Introduction, figures of merit, and generalized cross constellations, IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., vol. 7, pp. 877892, Aug. 1989. [6] J. L. Massey, Deep-space communication and coding: A marriage made in heaven, in Lecture Notes on Control and Information Sciences 82, J. Hagenauer, Ed.. Bonn, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1992. [7] R. R. Green, A serial orthogonal decoder, in Jet Propulsion Laboratory Space Programs Summary, vol. IV, no. 3739, June 1966, pp. 247ndasDescriptionh;251. [8] J. M. Wozencraft and B. Reiffen, Sequential Decoding. Cambridge,MA: MIT Press, 1961. [9] R. M. Fano, A heuristic discussion of probabilistic decoding, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol. IT-9, pp. 6474, Apr. 1963. [10] S. Lin and H. Lyne, Some results on binary convolutional code generators, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol. IT-13, pp. 134139, Jan.1967 [11] J. L. Massey and D. J. Costello, Jr., Nonsystematic convolutional codes for sequential decoding in space applications, IEEE Trans. Commun. Technol., vol. COM-19, pp. 806813, Oct. 1971.

The Issue Of Abortion Pro Choice Or Pro Life Essay Example For Students

The Issue Of Abortion : Pro Choice Or Pro Life? Essay The Issue of Abortion: Pro-Choice or Pro-life?The murder of innocents or, a woman’s right to choose; the Pro-Life/ Pro-Choice Debate, Which side are you on? The issue of abortion has been a topic of interest not only in the medical world but also in the political and religious worlds as well. The pro-life argument states that at conception the fetus is a baby and terminating it is taking a life. The pro-choice argument states that the unborn fetus, not baby, is just a blob of tissue and your terminating a pregnancy not a child. Both sides of the argument will be discussed in this essay along with the views of the church, politicians, women who have had abortion, and even a women who use to worked for Planned Parenthood. Statistics Abortion defined is the termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo prior to viability. We will write a custom essay on The Issue Of Abortion : Pro Choice Or Pro Life? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Each year in the United States 1.6 million abortions are performed with 91% of them being performed during the first trimester (under 12 weeks of gestation). There are second trimester abortions as well (under 24 weeks of gestation) which occurs in 9% of the accumulative abortions a year in the United States. And about 100 abortions are performed in the third trimester (above 24 weeks gestation) this is approximately .01% of all abortions. 1. 5 million U.S. women with unwanted pregnancies will choose abortion each year. Most of these women have jobs with the remaining being in school and most of them will choose to have children at a future time in their life. Eighty-two percent of women that have abortions are unmarried, single, or separated. It has been proven that almost half of American women will have an abortion at sometime in their lifetime. There are around. .ife advocates also believe that contraception is wrong and try to keep women from receiving it as well. There are even laws that protect pharmacists from punishment if they choose to refuse contraception to any women. These laws also protect those like a women pharmacist refusing Viagra to a man because she feels he may rape someone with it.(amplify, 2009) There is also the argument that women who are raped or victims of incest should be forced to carry a child to full term and then give the child up for adoption. Statistics say that 1 in 3 women will be victims of rape or a sexually violent act but does this mean that 33% of women also should be forced to carry their violators child to term? It doesn’t seem fair that a woman loses her feelings of safety and loses her choice to say no and then also has to go through an unwanted pregnancy on top of it.(amplify, 2009)